Tracheostomy Care and Management

1.    Describe airway obstruction. a.    Complete airway obstruction b.    Partial airway obstruction c.    Symptoms of airway obstructiond.    Interventions to re-establish apatent airway 2.    Understand the relevantterminologies.a.    Tracheotomy b.    Tracheostomy c.    Cuffed and uncuffed tubes 3.    Recognize the purposes and advantagesof a tracheostomy. a.    Bypass airway obstruction. b.    Facilitate removal of secretions. c.    Long-term mechanical ventilation. d.    Permit oral intake and speech inpatients on long-term Mechanical ventilation. 4.    Describe the different types oftracheostomy tubesa.    Tracheostomy tube with cuff and pilotballoonb.    Fenestrated tracheostomy tube(Shiley, Portex) with cuff, inner cannula, decannulation plug, and pilotballoonc.    Speaking tracheostomy tube (Portex,National)) with cuff, two external tubingd.    Tracheostomy tube (Bivona Fome-cuf)foam-filled cuff5.    Describe the different parts of atracheostomy tubea.    Flangeb.    Outer cannulac.    Inner cannulad.    Obturatore.    Pilot balloonf.     Cuffg.    Inflation tubeh.    15-mm adapteri.     Tracheostomy tie strings6.    Understand how certain medical healthproblems may benefit from a tracheostomy. a.    Head, neck or chest illnesses,injuries, or surgeries b.    Respiratory failure c.    Neurological trauma or disorders d.    Severe pulmonary edema or pulmonaryinfections with copious sputum production 7.    Identify complications and interveneappropriately. a.    Abnormal bleeding/hemorrhage b.    Tube dislodgement c.    Tube Obstruction d.    Tube dislodgement/Decannulation e.    Cuff leak f.     Inflammation of tracheostomy stoma orpressure area around the TT g.    Subcutaneous emphysema h.    Tracheal stenosis i.     Tracheoesophageal fistula j.     Hypoxemia/hypoxia/ hypercapnia8.    Identify actual and/or potentialnursing diagnoses in patients with tracheostomya.    Ineffective airway clearanceb.    Impaired verbal communicationc.    Potential for aspiration d.    Potential for infectione.    Knowledge deficitf.     Anxietyg.    Altered body image9.    Identify nursing management inpatients with tracheostomy.a.    Assessmentb.    Suctioningc.    Tracheostomy cared.    Delegatione.    Role of hydration and humidity